In this lesson you will learn about the main parts of a. The software is the instructions that makes the computer work. Motherboard the motherboard provides much of the bus of the computer the term bus refers to the electrical connection between different computer components. Theres also an expansion bus that enables expansion boards to access the cpu and memory. Other components also are included, of which the critical ones are a keyboard for data input, a screen monitor for information display, memory chips for temporary storage, and a hard disk for data storage. You will gain an understanding of the evolution of computers, which will shed light on how they work today. To meet consumer demand, the computer and electronics industry has become the largest manufacturing employer in the united states, representing 11 percent of the gross domestic product and growing at an annual rate of 4 percent porter, 1998. In this tutorial, we will take a look at computer hardware inside the computer, and learn a little bit about how they work. These computers also are of the microcomputer type. A personal computer is made up of multiple physical components of computer hardware, upon which can. An input device that can convert the contents of a paper document into a digital image that can be stored in the computer. By this definition, note that were describing a computer as having many distinct parts that work together. Computer cases are typically made of plastic, steel, or aluminum and are available in a variety of styles.
What useful parts do you have on hand, from an old computer or otherwise. A computer system consists of hardware and software components. Computers are basically broken down into two groups so help organize parts. Identify, which are the parts of the computer and circle them. Generally, all computers have the same basic computer parts such as. But because of lack of commitment in the pc business, ibm decided to outsource two of its major components the processor and operating system to two budding companies, intel and microsoft. Personal computers have various standard components such as a tower. Devices contain hardware that exist both inside and outside of the device itself. When using computer terms, it is very confusing trying to refer to different parts.
These innovations made it cheaper and easier to manufacture computers than ever before. There are, however, major similarities regardless of the brand e. If youre going for the best possible performance in all of your pc components. In the 1970s when apple computer introduced its first personal computer, ibm felt the heat to introduce its own pc. On almost all modern computers, a byte is equal to 8 bits. Directly above the start menu button, type into the search programs and files box 3. Housed in the case, you will find the floppy drive, cd rom drive, and the main components of the computer. A computer system is a collection of electronic and mechanical devices operating as a unit. I discuss networking as it impacts the pc hardware and software components and subsystems, but networks and external networking components are beyond the scope of this book. As a result, the small, relatively inexpensive microcomputersoon known as. The most popular type of mobile computer is the notebook computer.
Personal computer pc any generalpurpose computer whose size, capabilities, and original sales price make it useful for individuals. Power supply a device that distributes electricity to the various components of the system. Ram or random access memory is the unit in a computer system. Personal computers pcs, laptops and minicomputers b. The main components of a computer 790 words 123 help me. Parts of a computer class iii, iv and v thinking of various. The heart of the computer, this is the component that actually executes. Personal computers have many different names and configurations including microcomputer, laptop, desktop, and tablet figure 3. Note that this definition describes a computer as having many distinct parts that work together. Personal computers personal computers the most popular form of computer in use today is the personal computer generally known as the pc. It is one of the most expensive parts of the hardware.
Nov 17, 2020 the network connections are attached to pc hardware components and work in conjunction with other computers and networking hardware residing somewhere on the attached network. You might see a specification for a pc 1 such as containing an intel i7 hexa core. Software is held either on your computers hard disk, cdrom, dvd or on a diskette floppy disk and is loaded i. Today, the world of personal computers is basically divided between apple macintoshes and pcs. Explain it industry certifications this course focuses on desktop and laptop computers. Personal computers are intended to be operated directly by an end user, rather than by a computer expert or technician. This unit is a link between the computer and the users. The output unit consists of devices with the help of which we get the information from the computer. The first personal computers were developed in 1975 by computing enthusiasts who. Computer hardware refers to the physical parts or components of a computer such as monitor, keyboard, computer data storage, hard drive disk, mouse, system unit graphic cards, sound cards, memory, motherboard and chips, etc. Type in any keywords to help you find any file, folder, or program on your computer a.
Training and experience will qualify a technician to service these computers and personal electronic devices. Unlike large, costly minicomputers and mainframes, timesharing by many people at the same time is not used with personal computers. Most of these words imply the size, expected use or capability of the computer. System unit the system unit is a case that contains electronic components of the computer used to process data. Primary memory can be further classified as ram and rom. Personal computer components and subsystems hardware.
The inside of the system unit on a desktop personal computer includes. Video cards graphics cards these are expansions cards computer components that are designed to produce images for the computer display. Pc components introduction to personal computer hardware. Computer hardwareis the collection of physical elements that constitute a computer system. Personal computers also often contain a communications device. The following are the pc parts that make this happen. Some of these are the hard drive, motherboard and the processor chip cpu.
Parts to receive input parts to give output parts to do work parts to remember things while the power is on short term memory ram random access memory parts to remember things when the power is off long term memory rom read only memory. Personal computer system components 1784 words 8 pages. Operating system the system software that controls the computer. A mobile computer is a personal computer you can carry from place to place. A typical computer case is also large enough to allow for upgrades, such as adding a second hard drive or a higherquality video card. There are three main types of computers, desktops and laptops. Internal computer hardware by sophia tutorial whats covered the physical parts of computing devices those that you can actually touch are referred to as hardware. While the term computer can apply to almost any device that has a microprocessor in it, most people think of a computer as a device that. It can be defined as a single user oriented and general purpose microcomputer.
A personal computer pc is a computing device made up of many distinct electronic components that all function together in order to accomplish some useful task such as adding up the numbers in a spreadsheet or helping you write a letter. Any type of computer will always have two principal components. A personal computer pc is a system that uses a microprocessor to provide computing to a single user. Monitor in yellow, cpu in blue, keyboard in green, and mouse in red. Parts of the computer basic components case or tower this is the plastic box that contains the computer. Click on the start menu button on the bottomleft corner of the screen 2. Desktop computers a desktop computer is designed so that.
About basic computer hardware every part of your computer is the result of years of research and development. Tomorrow we will learn how to do this and then we will learn about the buttons. In this chapter, you will learn about all the components that make up a pc starting with the case that houses all of the internal components. Jan 20, 2010 hardware hardware components in the computer. If youre building a pc to save money, youll probably want to at least match the performance of a storebought desktop or laptop while spending less. Many of the principles used in the earliest computers still apply to the contemporary electronic personal computer.
A personal computer pc is a multipurpose computer whose size, capabilities, and price make it feasible for individual use. The principal characteristics of personal computers are that they are singleuser systems and are based on microprocessors. Mcq set2 components of computer gk objective question answer. The bus is an important determiner of the computer s speed. They determine the capabilities and features of a computer, as well as its power and processing speeds. Think of the motherboard as the backbone of nearly any technological device. The amount of money you spend on the parts of a computer will vary. Parts of a computer and their functions pdf computers, in spite of different layouts or new component designs. Graphics components while some motherboards have onboard graphics, others include whats called an expansion slot, where you can slide in a separate video card.
Motherboard it is the bod y or mainframe of the computer, through which all other. However, although personal computers are designed as singleuser systems, it is common to link them together to form a network. Similarly, a mobile device is a computing device small enough to hold in your hand. This lesson sets the foundation for further study of the personal computer.
Electronic organizers and palmtop computers and embedded computers d. The primary function of the computer system unit is to hold all the other components together and protect the sensitive electronic parts from the outside elements. It is the place in a computer where the operating system, application programs and the data in current use are kept temporarily so that they can be accessed by the computer s processor. The first thing you do, is unplug every cable thats plugged in to your computer. A workstation is like a personal computer, but it has a. Anatomy of a computer as with most products, computers are designed in a variety of ways. Drive bays power supply sound card video card processor memory. Software hardware includes the parts of the computer system that you actually can touch like the keyboard, mouse, monitor, or cpu. The hardware are the physical components or tangible parts of a computer all those mechanical parts or electronic parts that we can see and touch, like the monitor.
However, all computers have the following components. In addition to the microprocessor, a personal computer has a keyboard for entering data, a monitor for displaying information, and a storage device for saving data. However, there are several parts on a computer that are universal to all computers. Mcq set2 components of computer gk objective question. Basic computer components computers come in different shapes and sizes. Computer hardware is the collection of physical elements that constitutes a.
The various types of storage differ in terms of capacity, access time, and the physical type of media being used. Computers can be generally classified by size and power as follows, though there is considerable overlap. It also discusses electronic devices, such as personal digital assistants and cell phones. A t ypical personal computer consists of a case or chassis i n a tower shape desktop and the following parts. A pc needs additional components, though, for interacting with human users and other computers.
Basic computer hardware based notes in pdf free download. Hardware is the term used to refer to items that you can physically touch and move with your hands dais interview. Computer components like the cpu, motherboard, computer case, ram and drive are the core of a computer. The palm reading free pdf active part of the computer, the part that does calculations and controls all. Byte abbreviation for binary term, a unit of storage capable of holding a single character. Computer mousemouse a personal computer is made up of multiple physical components of computer hardware, upon which can be installed a system software called operating system and a multitude of software applications to perform the operators desired functions. Cpu characteristics 12 cpu clock speed number of cycles per second i each computer instruction requires a xed number of cycles.
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